Awakening Generation
| American Generations This box: view • • edit</div> | |
|---|---|
| Term | Period |
| Awakening Generation | 1701–1723 |
| First Great Awakening | 1727–1746 |
| Liberty Generation Republican Generation Compromise Generation | 1724–1741 1742–1766 1767–1791 |
| Second Great Awakening | 1790–1844 |
| Transcendentalist Generation Transcendental Generation Abolitionist Generation Gilded Generation Progressive Generation | 1789–1819 1792–1821 1819–1842 1822–1842 1843–1859 |
| Third Great Awakening | 1886–1908 |
| Missionary Generation Lost Generation Interbellum Generation G.I. Generation Greatest Generation | 1860–1882 1883–1900 1900–1910 1900–1924 1911–1924 |
| Jazz Age | 1929–1956 |
| Silent Generation Baby Boomers Beat Generation Generation Jones | 1925–1945 1946–1964 1948–1962 1954–1962 |
| Consciousness Revolution | 1964–1984 |
| Baby Busters Generation X MTV Generation | 1958–1968 1963–1978 1975–1984 |
| Culture Wars | 1980s–present |
| Boomerang Generation Generation Y Internet Generation New Silent Generation | 1977–1986 1979–1999 1988–1999 2000–2020 |
The Awakening Generation is the name given by Strauss and Howe in their book Generations to those Americans born from 1701 to 1723.
Born into security in an age in which family discipline loosened, Awakeners could find little spiritual comfort in the secular world of the midlifers of the Glorious Generation. Coming of age in the 1730s they became much more emotionally involved in religious practice through studying the Bible in a more personal manner. This movement, known as the First Great Awakening, gives the generation its name, and also gave it a "Puritan" label.
However, only when they saw that these attempts to create a new order had failed the younger Liberty Generation, did they pay much attention to worldly affairs. In doing so, the Awakeners devised an entirely new vision of an America where all people stood on an equal footing under God, and where education aimed at spiritual virtue rather than social utility. This led the Awakeners to very strong patriotism during the American Revolution in their elderhood, when Charles Chauncy saw death fighting for freedom as preferable to the corruption engendered by British rule.
Altogether, about 550,000 Americans were born between 1701 and 1723; 19 percent were immigrants and 18 percent were slaves at any point in their lives. Their typical grandparents were of the Cavalier Generation; their parents of the Glorious Generation and Enlightenment Generation. Their children were of the Liberty Generation and Republican Generation and their typical grandchildren were of the Compromise Generation.
This is the first generation in American history to attract attention outside America. It created the intellectual fire of the American Revolution. The oldest generation present at the establishment of the Constitution of the United States, it still wielded influence even in advanced age. Before it made its mark, the British colonies in North America could be treated as a cultural, political, and economic backwater. After it made its mark, this generation had established a new nation that from its inception has been a cultural, political, and economic power.
Members
The following is a list of sample members with birth and death dates as this generation is fully ancestral:
- 1703 Jonathan Edwards (1758)
- 1703 Gilbert Tennent (1764) (immigrant)
- 1704 Thomas Godfrey (1749)
- 1706 Benjamin Franklin (1790)
- 1710 Jonathan Trumbull (1785)
- 1710 Richard Bland (1776)
- 1711 Thomas Hutchinson (1780)
- 1711 Jupiter Hammon (c. 1800)
- 1713 Anthony Benezet (1784) (immigrant)
- 1714 George Whitfield (1770) (immigrant)
- 1720 John Woolman (1772)
- c. 1720 Chief Pontiac (1769)
- 1721 Peyton Randolph (1775)
- 1721 Roger Sherman (1793)
- 1721 Samuel Hopkins (1803)
- c. 1722 Eliza Pickney (1793)
- 1722 Samuel Adams (1803)
- 1723 William Livingston (1790)
- 1723 Crispus Attucks (1770)
- 1723 Samson Occom (1792)
- 1723 John Witherspoon (1794)
The Awakening Generation was the last generation until the Silent Generation to produce no US presidents. However, it held colonial governorships over the following periods:
- Province of Massachusetts Bay from 1760 to 1774
- Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations from 1755 to 1776 (minus four years within this period)
- Connecticut Colony from 1769 to 1776
- Colony and Dominion of Virginia from 1750 to 1776 (half of this period discontinuously)
Cultural endowments of the Awakening Generation include:
- Autobiography, Poor Richard's Almanac (Benjamin Franklin)
- Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (Jonathan Edwards)
- Spiritual Travels of Nathan Cole (Nathan Cole)
- Christian Sobriety (Jonathan Mayhew);
- The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry (Gilbert Tennent)
- Christ Triumphing and Satan Raging (Samuel Finley)
- Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes (John Woolman)
- The Duty of Self Examination (Roger Sherman)
Foreign Peers
- John Wesley (1703-1792)
- Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703-1792)
- Pope Clement XIV (1705-1774)
- Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
- Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)
- Prince Antioch Kantemir (1708-1744)
- William Pitt (1708-1778)
- Giovanni Pergolesi (1710-1736)
- David Hume (1711-1776)
- Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765)
- Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
- Frederick The Great (1712-1786)
- Denis Diderot (1713-1784)
- Junípero Serra (1713-1784)
- Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788)
- Pope Pius VI (1717-1799)
- Maria Theresa of Austria (1717-1780)
- Gaspar de Portolà (c. 1717-after 1784)
- Jean d'Alembert (1717-1783)
- Baron d'Holbach (1723-1789)
- Adam Smith (1723-1790)
| Preceded by: Enlightenment Generation 1674 – 1700 | Awakening Generation 1701 – 1723 | Succeeded by: Liberty Generation 1724 – 1741 |
Categories
American generations
