List of assassinated people

This is an incomplete list of persons who were assassinated; that is, important people who were murdered, usually for ideological or political reasons.

Assassinations in Africa

Algeria

• Hiempsal, (117 BC), coruler of Numidia
• François Darlan, (1942), senior figure of Vichy France
• Maurice Audin, (1957), communist mathematician
• Mohamed Khemisti, (1963), Algerian foreign minister
• Mustafa Bouyali, (1987), Islamic fundamentalist
• Mohamed Boudiaf, (1992), President of Algeria
• Youcef Sebti, (1993), poet
• Kasdi Merbah, (1993), former Prime Minister of Algeria
• Abdelkader Alloula, (1994), playwright
• Cheb Hasni, (1994), singer
• Lounès Matoub, (1998), singer
• Abdelkader Hachani, (1999), Islamic fundamentalist

Angola

• Jonas Savimbi, 2002, Angolan political and rebel leader

Burkina Faso

• Thomas Sankara, (1987), Head of State of Burkina Faso
• Clément Oumarou Ouédraogo, (1991), opposition leader
• Norbert Zongo, (1998), journalist

Burundi

• Louis Rwagasore, (1961), Prime Minister of Burundi
• Jean Nduwabike, (1962), trade union leader
• Gabriel Gihimbare, (1964), first Roman Catholic bishop of Hutu descent
• Pierre Ngendandumwe, (1965), Prime Minister of Burundi
• Joseph Bamina, (1965), Prime Minister of Burundi
• Paul Mirerekano, (1965), leading Burundian politician
• Gervais Nyangoma, (1965), politician
• Martin Ndayahoze, (1972), leading army commander and information minister
• Ntare V, (1975), dethroned King of Burundi (disputed circumstances)
• Melchior Ndadaye, (1993), President of Burundi
• Gilles Bimazubute, (1993),
• Kassi Manlan, (2001), World Health Organisation representative

Cameroon

• Ruben Um Nyobé, (1958), leader of the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (UPC)

Chad

• François Tombalbaye, (1975), President of Chad

Comoros

• Ali Soilih, (1978), former President of Comoros
• Ahmed Abdallah, (1989), President of Comoros

Congo (Brazzaville)

• Marien Ngouabi, (1977), President of the Congo
• Émile Biayenda, (1977), Archbishop of Brazzaville
• Pierre Anga, (1988), rebel leader

Congo (Kinshasa)

• Kabongo Boniface Kalowa, (1960),
• Patrice Lumumba, (1961), former Prime Minister of the Congo
• Maurice Mpolo, (1961), Lumumba associate
• Joseph Okito, (1961), Lumumba associate
• Ferdinand Kabange Numbi, (1964),
• André Lubaya, (1968),
• Laurent Kabila, (2001), President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ivory Coast

• Robert Guéi, (2002), former President of Côte d'Ivoire
• Émile Boga Doudou, (2002), interior minister
• Muhammad Ahmad alRashid, (2003), Saudi ambassador

Egypt

• Pompey the Great, (48 BC), Roman politician killed in Egypt
• Germanicus, (19), Roman military leader, poisoned in Alexandria by Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso under orders from Tiberius
• Al-Afdal Shahanshah, (1121), vizier of Fatimid Egypt
• Al-Amir, (1130), Fatimid Caliph
• Qutuz, (1260), Mamluk sultan of Egypt
• Khalil, (1293), Mamluk sultan of Egypt
• Jean Baptiste Kléber, (1800), French general, in Cairo
• Boutros Ghali, (1910), Prime Minister of Egypt, by Ibrahim El-Wardan
• Sir Lee Stack, (1924), governor-general of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, in Cairo
• Walter Edward Guinness, Lord Moyne, (1944), the UK's Minister Resident in the Middle East; killed in Cairo by the Stern Gang
• Ahmed Maher Pasha, (1945), Prime Minister of Egypt, in Cairo by Mahmud Issawy
• Mahmud Fahmi Nokrashi, (1948), Prime Minister of Egypt, by a member of the Muslim Brotherhood
• Hassan al-Banna, (1949), founder of the Muslim Brotherhood
• Anwar Sadat, (1981), President of Egypt
• Rifaat al-Mahgoub, (1990), speaker of Egyptian parliament
• Farag Foda, (1992), Egyptian politician and intellectual

Equatorial Guinea

• Atanasio Ndongo Miyone, Saturnino Ibongo, Bonifacio Ondó Edu, Armando Balboa, Pastor Torao and many others, (1969), Equatorial Guinean politicians, in murderous crackdown after coup attempt against President Francisco Macías Nguema

Ethiopia

• Tilahun Gizaw, (1969), Ethiopian student leader

The Gambia

• Deyda Hydara, (2004), journalist

Guinea

• Amílcar Cabral, (1973), Pan-African intellectual, in Conakry, Guinea

Kenya

• Pio Gama Pinto, (1965), socialist politician
• Tom Mboya, (1969), Kenyan politician
• Josiah Kariuki, (1975), Kenyan politician
• Robert Ouko, (1990), foreign minister of Kenya
• John Kaiser, (2000), missionary (officially recorded as a suicide)

Liberia

• William R. Tolbert, Jr., (1980), president of Liberia killed in military coup
• Samuel Doe, (1990), president of Liberia

Madagascar

• Radama II of Madagascar, (1863), king of Madagascar
• Richard Ratsimandrava, (1975), president of Madagascar killed just days after taking power in military coup

Mozambique

• Eduardo Mondlane, (1969), leader of the independentist FRELIMO movement, allegedly killed by the Portuguese branch of Gladio
• Carlos Cardoso, (2000), Mozambican journalist

Niger

• Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, (1999), President of Niger

Nigeria

• Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, (1966), Prime Minister of Nigeria killed during military coup
• Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello, (1966)
• Adekunle Fajuyi, (1966)
• Samuel Akintola, (1966)
• Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, (1966), military head of state
• Murtala Ramat Mohammed, (1976), President of Nigeria
• Dele Giwa, (1986), journalist
• Ken Saro-Wiwa, (1995), activist
• Bola Ige, (2001), justice minister of Nigeria

Rwanda

• Dian Fossey, (1985), primatologist, in the province of Ruhengeri; assassination probably planned by Protais Zigiranyirazo
• Agathe Uwilingiyimana, (1994), Prime Minister of Rwanda killed one day after genocide began
• Juvénal Habyarimana, (1994), His plane was shot out of the sky as it approached Kigali airport, and signalled the start of the Rwandan Genocide

Somalia

• Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, (1969), president of Somalia
• George Adamson, (1989), British naturalist, at Kora

South Africa

• Shaka, (1828), king of the Zulus, near Stanger (now KwaDukuza) by Dingane and Mhlangana
• Umthlangana, (1828), Zulu prince, brother of Shaka
• Hendrik Verwoerd, (1966), Prime Minister of South Africa, stabbed in parliament by Dimitri Tsafendas
• Onkgopotse Tiro, (1974), South African student leader
• Steve Biko, (1977), South African noted nonviolent anti-apartheid activist
• Ruth First, (1982), anti-apartheid scholar and wife of Communist party leader Joe Slovo, by pro-apartheid "Koevoet" leader Craig Williamson
• Vernon Nkadimeng, (1985), South African dissident
• Dulcie September, (1988), head of the African National Congress in Paris, by South African Defense Force sergeant Joseph Klue
• Chris Hani, (1993), leader of the South African Communist Party
• Johan Heyns, (1995), prominent leader in the Dutch Reformed Church

Sudan

• Cleo Noel Jr and George Curtis Moore, (1973), US Chief of Mission/Deputy Chief ot Mission (see Khartoum diplomatic assassinations)
• Guy Eid, (1973), Belgian Chargé d'affaires (see Khartoum diplomatic assassinations)

Tanzania

• Abeid Amani Karume, (1972), first President of Zanzibar, First Vice President of Tanzania

Togo

• Sylvanus Olympio, (1963), first president of independent Togo, in a coup led by dictator Gnassingbé Eyadéma
• Tavio Amorin, (1992), socialist leader (shot in Lomé, died in Paris)

Tunisia

• Khalil Wazir ("Abu Jihad"), (1988), military leader of the PLO, in Tunis
• Salah Khalaf ("Abu Iyad"), (1991), deputy leader of the PLO killed by Abu Nidal terrorists in Tunis, Tunisia

Uganda

• Benedicto Kiwanuka, (1972), Chief Justice of Uganda
• Janani Luwum, (1977), Archbishop of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Boga-Zaire from 1974 until 1977

Zambia

• Herbert Chitepo, (1975), Zimbabwean nationalist leader

Zimbabwe

• Attati Mpakati, (1983), left-wing Malawian politician

Assassinations in the Americas

Antigua and Barbuda

• Daniel Parke, (1710), British governor of the Leeward Islands

Argentina

• Justo José de Urquiza, (1870), former president of Argentina
• Pedro Aramburu, (1970), former president of Argentina executed by the Montoneros
• Carlos Prats, (1974), Chilean general
• Zelmar Michelini, (1976), Uruguayan senator
• Héctor Gutiérrez Ruiz, (1976), speaker of the Uruguayan House of Representatives

Bermuda

• Sir Richard Sharples, (1973), governor of Bermuda

Bolivia

• Manuel Isidoro Belzu, (1865), President of Bolivia
• Mariano Melgarejo, (1871), President of Bolivia
• Che Guevara, (1967), Argentinian revolutionary leader
• Juan José Torres, (1976), former President of Bolivia

Brazil

• João Pessoa Cavalcânti de Albuquerque, (1930)
• Adib Shishakli, (1964), Syrian military dictator
• Chico Mendes, (1988), Brazilian environmental activist
• Daniela Perez, (1992), Brazilian actress
• Dorothy Stang, (2005), American nun killed by business interests

Canada

• Thomas D'Arcy McGee, (1868), Canadian father of Confederation
• George Brown, (1880), newspaper editor and Senator
• Sergio Pérez Castillo, (1968), Cuban diplomat killed by anti-Castro forces in Montreal
• Pierre Laporte, (1970), Quebec Minister of Labour, was kidnapped and murdered by the FLQ
• Atilla Altıkat, (1982), Turkish diplomat assassinated by Armenian nationalists in Ottawa
• Tara Singh Hayer, (1998), journalist killed by Sikh separatists

Chile

• René Schneider, (1970), Chilean general
• Victor Jara, (1973), singer
• Jaime Guzmán, (1991), Chilean Senator
• Edmundo Pérez Zujovic, (1971), Chilean ex Secretary of interior affairs

Colombia

• Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, (1948), Colombian Liberal Party leader
• Luis Carlos Galán, (1989), Colombian presidential candidate
• Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa, (1990), Colombian presidential candidate
• Andrés Escobar, (1994), Colombian international footballer
• Fernando Landazabal Reyes, (1998), Colombian defense minister
• Jaime Garzón, (1999), Colombian journalist and satirist
• Elson Becerra, (2006), Colombian international footballer

Cuba

• Antonio Guiteras, (1935), revolutionary socialist leader

Dominican Republic

• Ulises Heureaux, (1899), president of the Dominican Republic
• Rafael Leónidas Trujillo, (1961), Dominican Republic dictator
• Orlando Mazara, (1967)
• Flavio Suero, (1968)
• Henry Segarra, (1969)
• Amín Abel Hasbún, (1970)
• Otto Morales, (1970)
• Amaury Germán Aristy, (1972)
• Francisco Alberto Caamaño Deñó, (1973)
• Gregorio García Castro, (1973)
• Florinda Soriano, (1974)
• Guido Gil Díaz, (1974)
• Orlando Martínez, (1975)
• Narciso González, (1994)

Ecuador

• Gabriel García Moreno, (1875), president of Ecuador known for his support of the Catholic church
• Jaime Hurtado and Pablo Tapia, (1999), communist legislators, in Quito

El Salvador

• Manuel Enrique Araujo, (1913), President of El Salvador
• Osmín Aguirre, (1977), former President of El Salvador
• Óscar Romero, (1980), archbishop of San Salvador, by right-wing death squad
• Ita Ford, Maura Clarke, Dorothy Kazel, and Jean Donovan, (1980), Roman Catholic nuns, by the National Guard of El Salvador
• Albert Schaufelberger, (1983), senior U.S. Naval representative
• Ignacio Ellacuría, (1989), Roman Catholic priest, by Atlacatl Battalion of the Salvadoran Army

Guatemala

• José María Reina Barrios, (1898), President of Guatemala
• Francisco Arana, (1949), presidential candidate
• Carlos Castillo Armas, (1957), president of Guatemala
• Karl von Spreti, (1970), German ambassador in Guatemala
• Alberto Fuentes Mohr, (1979), Social Democratic Party leader
• Manuel Colom Argueta, (1979), Mayor of Guatemala City
• Jorge Carpio Nicolle, (1993), Liberal politician and journalist
• Juan José Gerardi, (1998), Roman Catholic bishop
• Mario Pivaral, (2006), UNE congressman

Guyana

• Michael Forde, (1964), PPP activist killed when a bomb he was removing from the party's bookstore exploded
• Leo J. Ryan, (1978), US Congressman (D) from San Mateo, California; killed while investigating religious cult led by American Jim Jones
• Walter Rodney, (1980), Guyanese historian and political figure
• Satyadeow Sawh, (2006), Agriculture Minister was murdered along with his brother and sister, a security guard by masked gunmen dressed in military fatigues

Haiti

• Jean-Jacques Dessalines, (1806), Emperor of Haiti
• Antoine Izméry, (1993), businessman and Lavalas supporter
• Guy Mallory, (1993), minister of justice
• Jean-Marie Vincent, (1994), Roman Catholic priest and Lavalas supporter
• Jean Dominique, (2000), journalist
• Jacques Roche, (2005), journalist

Honduras

• Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, (1966), president of El Salvador from 1931 to 1944

Mexico

• Francisco I. Madero, (1913), President of Mexico
• Emiliano Zapata, (1919), revolutionary
• Venustiano Carranza, (1920), President of Mexico
• Doroteo Arango a.k.a. Pancho Villa, (1923), revolutionary
• Felipe Carrillo Puerto, (1924), Governor of Yucatán
• Álvaro Obregón, (1928), President-elect
• Julio Antonio Mella, (1929), Cuban revolutionary
• Leon Trotsky, (1940), Russian communist leader
• Mauro Angulo, (1948)
• Rubén Jaramillo, (1962), peasant leader
• Enrique Camarena, (1985), policeman
• Carlos Loret de Mola Mediz, (1986), Journalist and State governor
• Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, (1993), Roman Catholic Cardinal of Guadalajara, at the Guadalajara Airport
• Luis Donaldo Colosio, (1994), Presidential candidate
• Francisco Ortiz Franco, (1994}, contributing editor to Zeta.
• José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, (1994), Secretary-General of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional
• Paco Stanley, (1999), Comedian

Nicaragua

• Benjamín Zeledón, (1912), Liberal revolutionary
• Augusto César Sandino, (1934), Nicaraguan revolutionary
• Anastasio Somoza García, (1956), President of Nicaragua
• Rigoberto López Pérez, (1956), assassin of Somoza García
• Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, (1978), newspaper editor, Nicaraguan Somoza opposition
• Enrique Bermúdez, (1991)

Panama

• José Antonio Remón Cantera, (1955), president of Panama

Paraguay

• Anastasio Somoza Debayle, (1980), President of Nicaragua
• Luis María Argaña, (1999), vice president of Paraguay

Peru

• Francisco Pizarro, (1541), Spanish conquistador, in Peru
• Luis M. Sánchez Cerro, (1933), president of Peru
• Antonio Miró Quesada, (1935), publisher of El Comercio

Suriname

• Bram Behr, (1982), Surinamese journalist, in the Decembermoorden

United States

• Joseph Smith, Jr. , (1844), Mormon leader, Presidential candidate
• Hyrum Smith, (1844), Mormon leader, killed along with Joseph
• Henry Heusken, (1861), American diplomat (accompanying Townsend Harris from Amsterdam)
• Abraham Lincoln, (1865), President of the United States
• Thomas Hindman, (1868), Confederate General
• James Hinds, (1868), U.S. Congressman killed by members of the Ku Klux Klan
• Edward Canby, (1873), Union General, leader of a peace conference
• Crazy Horse, (1877), Oglala Sioux chief killed by American troops
• James Garfield, (1881), President of the United States
• David Hennessey, (1890), Police Chief of New Orleans
• Carter Harrison, Sr., (1893), Mayor of Chicago
• William Goebel, (1900), Governor of Kentucky
• William McKinley, (1901), President of the United States
• Frank Steunenberg, (1905), former governor of Idaho
• Don Mellett, (1926), newspaper editor and campaigner against organized crime
• Anton Cermak, (1933), mayor of Chicago
• Huey P. Long, (1935), Louisiana senator and former governor
• Carlo Tresca, (1943), Anarchist leader
• Curtis Chillingworth, (1955), a Florida judge
• John F. Kennedy, (1963), President of the United States
• Lee Harvey Oswald, (1963), alleged assassin of Kennedy
• Medgar Evers, (1963), U.S. civil rights activist
• Malcolm X, (1965), black Muslim leader, killed in a Manhattan banquet room after giving a speech
• George Lincoln Rockwell, (1967), founder of the American Nazi Party
• Martin Luther King Jr., (1968), U.S. civil rights activist
• Robert F. Kennedy, (1968), Presidential candidate and John F. Kennedy's younger brother, shot in Los Angeles
• Fred Hampton, (1969), Deputy Chairman of the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party
• Harold Haley, (1970), Marin County Superior Court Judge taken hostage in an effort to free George Jackson from police custody
• Dan Mitrione, (1970), FBI agent and torture teacher, killed by the guerrilla movement Tupamaros
• Orlando Letelier, (1976), Chilean ambassador to the United States under the administration of Salvador Allende
• Harvey Milk, (1978), gay rights campaigner and city supervisor of San Francisco, California
• George Moscone, (1978), Mayor of San Francisco killed with Milk
• John Wood, (1979), first US federal judge killed in the twentieth century
• John Lennon, (1980), British musician and anti-war icon
• Alan Berg, (1984), radio talk-show host, killed by Neo-nazis
• Chiang Nan, (1984), Taiwanese-American writer, allegedly killed by Kuomintang agents
• Alex Odeh, (1985), Arab anti-discrimination group leader, killed when bomb exploded in his Santa Ana, California office
• Alejandro González Malavé, (1986), famous undercover policeman, in Bayamón, Puerto Rico
• Don Aronow, (1987), inventor of the cigarette boat
• Meir Kahane, (1990), American rabbi, founder of Jewish Defense League, former member of Israel's Knesset, shot in New York City
• Ioan P. Culianu, (1991), professor of divinity
• Tommy Burks, (1998), Tennessee State Senator
• Thomas C. Wales, (2001), Washington federal prosecutor and gun control advocate
• James E. Davis, (2003), New York City Council Member

Uruguay

• Bernardo P. Berro, (1868), Uruguayan president
• Venancio Flores, (1868), Uruguayan president (on the same day as Berro, though in completely separate incidents)
• Juan Idiarte Borda, (1897), Uruguayan president

Venezuela

• Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, (1950), chairman of the military junta of Venezuela
• Danilo Anderson, (2004), State prosecutor

Assassinations in Asia

Afghanistan

• Habibullah Khan, (1919), emir of Afghanistan
• Mohammed Nader Shah, (1933), king of Afghanistan since 1929
• Mohammed Daoud Khan, (1978), president of Afghanistan killed in communist coup
• Adolph Dubs, (1979), U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan
• Nur Mohammad Taraki, (1979), communist president
• Hafizullah Amin, (1979), communist Prime Minister of Afghanistan killed during Soviet invasion
• Mohammed Najibullah, (1996), president of Afghanistan from 1986 to 1992, killed by the Taliban during the capture of Kabul
• Ahmed Shah Massoud, (2001), leader of the Afghan Northern Alliance
• Abdul Haq, (2001), Afghan Northern Alliance commander killed by remnants of the Taliban
• Abdul Qadir, (2002), vice-president of Afghanistan
• Abdul Rahman, (2002), Afghan Minister for Civil Aviation and Tourism

Bangladesh

• Mujibur Rahman, (1975), president of Bangladesh
• Fazlul Haq Mani, (1975), politician
• Abdur Rab Serniabat, (1975), politician
• Tajuddin Ahmed, (1975), politician
• Syed Nazrul Islam, (1975), politician
• Mohammad Mansoor Ali, (1975), prime minister
• Khaled Mosharraf, (1975), coup organizer
• Ziaur Rahman, (1981), president of Bangladesh

Bhutan

• Jigme Palden Dorji, (1964), Prime Minister of Bhutan

Cambodia

• Ieu Koeus, (1950), briefly prime minister of Cambodia in 1949

China

• Sidibala, (1323), grand-khan of the Mongol Empire, Emperor of Yuan China
• João Maria Ferreira do Amaral, (1849), Portuguese Governor of Macau
• Ito Hirobumi, (1909), Japanese Resident-General of Korea, in Manchuria
• Chen Qimei, (1916), revolutionary activist
• Liao Zhongkai, (1925)
• Lu Huanyan, (1930)
• Chen Lu, (1939), foreign minister of Wang Jingwei Government
• Fang Zhenwu, (1941)
• Han Guojun, (1942)
• Wen Yiduo, (1946), Chinese poet and scholar
• Zhang Zuolin, (1928), Manchurian warlord, by officers of the Japanese Guandong Army

Georgia

• Cemal Pasha, (1922), former Ottoman Minister, in Tbilisi, by an Armenian or allegedly by KGB

India

• Brhadrata, (185 BCE), last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty
• Abul-Fazel, (1602), vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar
• Mohandas Gandhi, (1948), Independence leader
• Indira Gandhi, (1984), Indian prime minister
• Rajiv Gandhi, (1991), former Indian prime minister, son of Indira
• Beant Singh(Chief Minister), (1995), chief minister of Punjab
• Phoolan Devi, (2001), bandit queen turned politician and activist for people of lower castes
• Abdul Ghani Lone, (2002), moderate leader of Kashmiri Muslims

Iran

• Xerxes I, (465 BC), Persian king killed by guards
• Xerxes II , (423 BC), Persian king killed by his half-brother Sogdianus
• Sogdianus, (423 BC), Persian king killed by his half-brother Darius II
• Khosrow I, (238), Armenian king
• Nizam al-Mulk, (1092), Persian scholar and vizier of the Seljuk Turks
• Nader Shah, (1747), Shah of Persia
• Nasser-al-Din Shah, (1896), Shah of Persia killed by Mirza Reza Kermani
• Taghi Arani, (1940), Communist intellectual
• Qazi Muhammad, (1947), dissident Kurdish Iranian political leader, in Mahabad
• Ali Razmara, (1951), Prime Minister of Iran
• Hassan Ali Mansur, (1965), Prime Minister of Iran
• Mohammad Beheshti, (1981), killed along with over 60 others in bombing
• Mohammad Ali Rajai, (1981), president and
• Mohammad Javad Bahonar, (1981), Prime Minister of Iran respectively, killed just weeks after taking office

Iraq

• Gordian III, (244), Roman emperor, near Circesium (modern day Abu Sera) by his troops
• Faisal II, (1958), King of Iraq
• Nuri Pasha as-Said, (1958), Iraqi politician, and
• Ibrahim Hashim, (1958), Jordanian politician, prime minister several times between the 1930s and shortly before his death - the previous three were all killed during the July 14 military coup in Iraq
• Abdul Razak al-Naif, (1978), former Prime Minister of Iraq
• Ali Garmaii, (1996), dissident Kurdish Iranian activist in Halabja
• Mohammad Nanva, (1996), dissident Kurdish Iranian activist, in Sulaymaniyah
• Aquila al-Hashimi, (2003), Iraqi Governing Council member
• Uday Hussein, (2003), Son of Saddam Hussein, Iraqi official
• Qusay Hussein, (2003), Son of Saddam Hussein, Iraqi official
• Sayed Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim, (2003), ayatollah
• Sérgio Vieira de Mello, (2003), UN Special Representative in Iraq
• Waldemar Milewicz, (2004), Polish journalist
• Mounir Bouamrane, (2004), Algerian-Polish TV operator, killed alongside with Milewicz
• Hatem Kamil, (2004), deputy governor of Baghdad Province
• Ezzedine Salim, (2004), chairman of the Iraqi Governing Council
• Barawiz Mahmoud, (2005), judge on the Iraqi Special Tribunal
• Dhari Ali al-Fayadh, (2005), Iraqi MP
• Adel Koskh Khabar and three brothers, (2005), leader of al-Ghadr Brigade
• Ihab al-Sherif, (2005), Egyptian envoy to Iraq

Israel

• Hugh II of Le Puiset, (1134), count of Jaffa
• Miles of Plancy, (1174), regent of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
• Conrad of Montferrat, (1192), King of Jerusalem, leader in the Third Crusade
• Jacob Israël de Haan, (1924), pro-Orthodox Jewish diplomat
• Chaim Arlosoroff, (1933), Zionist leader in the British Mandate of Palestine
• Folke Bernadotte, (1948), Middle East peace mediator, assassinated by Lehi
• Rudolf Kasztner, (1957), Hungarian Zionist leader, negotiated the Kasztner train with the Nazis
• Sheikh Hamad Abu Rabia, (1981), Member of the Knesset
• Yitzhak Rabin, (1995), Prime Minister of Israel and 1994 Nobel Peace Prize recipient
• Rehavam Zeevi, (2001), Israeli general and politician

Japan

• Emperor Sushun, (592), Emperor of Japan
• The Sogas, (645), Japanese political family
• Minamoto no Sanetomo, (1219), the third shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate
• Mimura Iechika, daimyo, feudal leader in Japan
• Matsudaira Hirotada, (1549), feudal leader in Japan
• Ōuchi Yoshitaka, (1551), daimyo, feudal leader in Japan
• Oda Nobuyuki, (1557), Japanese samurai, younger brother of Oda Nobunaga
• Ashikaga Yoshiteru, (1565), Shogun, feudal leader in Japan
• Yamanaka Shikanosuke, (1578), Japanese samurai
• Oda Nobunaga, (1582), samurai warlord
• Shakushain, (1669), Ainu chief
• Shimazu Nariaki, (1858), Japanese daimyo in Satsuma Province, now Kagoshima prefecture
• Hashimoto Sanai, (1859), Japanese political activist
• Ii Naosuke, (1860), Japanese politician
• Tokugawa Nariaki, (1860), Japanese daimyo, a relative of Tokugawa shoguns
• Yoshida Toyo, (1862), Japanese political activist
• Charles Lennox Richardson, (1862), English diplomat, by Shimazu Hisamitsu's samaurai in Namamugi. Called the Namamugi Incident
• Serizawa Kamo, (1863), a chief of Shinsen-gumi
• Ikeuchi Daigaku, (1864), Japanese politician
• Kusaka Gennai, (1864), Japanese politician
• Sakuma Shozan, (1864), Japanese politician
• Sakamoto Ryoma, (1867), Japanese author
• Yokoi Shonai, (1869), Japanese political activist
• Sirosawa Saneomi, (1871), Japanese political activist
• Okubo Toshimichi, (1878), Prime Minister of Japan
• Ito Hirobumi, (1909), First Prime Minister of Japan
• Hara Takashi, (1921), Prime Minister of Japan
• Hamaguchi Osachi, (1931), Prime Minister of Japan
• Takuma Dan, (1932), zaibatsu leader
• Inukai Tsuyoshi, (1932), Prime Minister of Japan
• Takahashi Korekiyo, (1936), Prime Minister of Japan
• Isoroku Yamamoto, (1943), Japanese Admiral
• Inejiro Asanuma, (1960), Socialist Party of Japan chairman
• Hitoshi Igarashi, (1991), translated The Satanic Verses into Japanese
• Hideo Murai, (1995), one of the leading members of Aum Shinrikyo
• Koki Ishii, (2002), Japanese politician

Jordan

• Abdullah I, (1951), King of Jordan, when entering the Al Aqsa Mosque
• Hazza al-Majali, (1960), Prime Minister of Jordan
• Wasfi al-Tal, (1971), Prime Minister of Jordan
• Laurence Foley, (2002), USAID official, by Al-Qaeda operatives

Korea

• King Bunseo of Baekje, (304), King of Baekje during the Three Kingdoms of Korea
• Queen Min of Joseon, (1895), the last empress of Korea
• Park Chung Hee, (1979), President of South Korea
• Yuk Yeong-su, (1974), Wife of President Park Chung Hee and First Lady of South Korea
• Lee Bum Suk, (1983), foreign minister of South Korea, killed along with several other South Korean cabinet members by North Korean agents while visiting Burma

Lebanon

• Raymond II of Tripoli, (1152), count of Tripoli
• Philip of Montfort, (1270), Lord of Tyre
• Sami al-Hinnawi, (1950), Syrian head of state
• Kamal Jumblatt, (1977), Lebanese Druze leader
• Tony Frangieh, (1978), Lebanese Christian leader
• Bachir Gemayel, (1982), president-elect of Lebanon
• Maya Gemayel, (1979), daughter of president-elect Bachir Gemayel
• Rashid Karami, (1987), Prime Minister of Lebanon
• René Moawad, (1989), President of Lebanon
• Dany Chamoun, (1990), son of late president Camille Chamoun
• Elie Hobeika, (2002), Lebanese militia leader
• Rafik Hariri, (2005), former Prime Minister of Lebanon
• Bassel Fleihan, (2005), Lebanese legislator and Minister of Economy and Commerce
• Samir Kassir, (2005), Columnist at "An Nahar" Daily Lebanese Newspaper, long a fiery critic of Syria
• George Hawi, (2005), former chief of Communist Party of Lebanon
• Gibran Tueni, (2005), journalist
• Pierre Gemayel, (2006), Minister of Industry of Lebanon

Myanmar/Burma

• Aung San, (1947), Burmese nationalist leader
• Thakin Mya, (1947)
• U Ba Cho, (1947)
• U Razak, (1947)
• U Ba Win, (1947)
• Mahn Ba Khine, (1947)
• Sai San Tun, (1947)
• U Ohn Maung, (1947)
• Ko Htwe, (1947)

Nepal

• Birendra, (2001), King of Nepal (along with Queen Aiswary and 9 other members of the royal family)

Pakistan

• Liaquat Ali Khan, (1951), Prime Minister of Pakistan
• Meena Keshwar Kamal, (1987), Afghan founder of the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan
• Abdullah Yusuf Azzam, (1989), militant Islamist, near Peshawar
• Fazle Haq, (1991), former governor of the Northwest Frontier province, Pakistan, from 1978 to 1985
• Iqbal Masih, (1995), 13-year-old anti-child labor activist, in Rakh Baoli
• Siddiq Khan Kanju, (2001), former foreign minister of Pakistan from 1991 to 1993

Palestinian Territories

• Yahya Ayyash, (1996), Hamas' explosives expert
• Abu Ali Mustafa, (2001), leader of PFLP
• Salah Shahade, (2002), leader of Hamas' military wing
• Ibrahim al-Makadmeh, (2003), co-founder of Hamas
• Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, (2004), leader and founder of Hamas
• Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi, (2004), leader of Hamas
• Izz El-Deen Sheikh Khalil, (2004), Hamas operative
• Adnan al-Ghoul, (2004), Hamas' explosives expert

Philippines

• Fernando Manuel de Bustamante, (1719), Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines
• Diego Silang, (1763), early revolutionary leader
• Antonio Luna, (1899), leader of Filipino army during Philippine-American War
• Julio Nalundasan, (1935), Ilocos Congressman, young Ferdinand Marcos tried but acquitted for the slaying
• Aurora Quezon, (1949), former First Lady of the Philippines
• Ponciano Bernardo, (1949), mayor of then Philippine capital Quezon City
• Joe Lingad, (1980), former Pampanga governor
• Benigno Aquino Jr., (1983), senator and politician, leader of the opposition against Ferdinand Marcos
• Cesar Climaco, (1984), famed mayor of Zamboanga City and prominent opposition leader
• Evelio Javier, (1986), Antique governor and ally of then presidential candidate Corazon Aquino
• Rolando Olalia, (1987), head of the Kilusang Mayo Uno
• Lean Alejandro, (1987), prominent student activist leader
• Jaime Ferrer, (1987), Interior and Local Government Cabinet Secretary
• James N. Rowe (1989), US Military advisor
• Filemon 'Ka Popoy' Lagman, (2001), founder of the Bukluran ng Manggagawang Pilipino (BMP)
• Romulo Kintanar, (2003), leader of the New People's Army (NPA)
• Arturo Tabara, (2004), leader of Revolutionary Workers' Party
• Romeo Sanchez and Abelardo Ladera, (2005), local Filipino politicians and
• William Tadena, (2005), clergyman with the Philippine Independent Church, by anti-NPA vigilantes
• Amir bin Muhammad Baraguir, (2006), Sultan of Maguindanao

Qatar

• Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, (2004), separatist President of Chechnya from 1996 until 1997

Saudi Arabia

• Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf, (624), chief of the Jewish tribe of Banu Nadir
• Umar ibn al-Khattab, (644), second caliph
• Faisal of Saudi Arabia, (1975), king

Sri Lanka

• Solomon West Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike, (1959), Sri Lankan socialist prime minister, killed by Buddhist monk Talduwe Somarama
• Alfred Duraiyapah, (1975), former Mayor, Jaffna, by Tamil Tigers
• A. Thiagarajah, (1981), MP, Vaddukoddai, by Tamil Tigers
• V. Dharmalingam, (1985), MP, Manipay, by Tamil Tigers
• K. Alalasunderam, (1985), MP, Kopay, by Tamil Tigers
• A. Majeed, (1987), former MP, Mutur, by Tamil Tigers
• V. Yogeswaran, (1989), former MP, Jaffna, by Tamil Tigers
• A. Amrithalingam, (1989), former MP, General Secretary, TULF, by Tamil Tigers
• T. Ganeshalingam, (1990), Minister, North East Provincial Council, by Tamil Tigers
• Sam Tambimuttu, (1990), MP, Batticaloa, by Tamil Tigers
• P. Kirubakaran, (1990), Finance Minister, North East Provincial Council, by Tamil Tigers
• V. Yogasankari, (1990), MP, Jaffna, by Tamil Tigers
• K. Kanagaratnam, (1990), MP, Eastern Province, by Tamil Tigers
• Ranjan Wijeratne, (1991), Minister of State, Defence
• Ranasinghe Premadasa, (1993), President of Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• Ossie Abeygunasekara, (1994), member of Parliament Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• Dr. Gamini Wijesekarea, (1994), member of Parliament Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• Weerasinghe Mallimarachchi, (1994), member of Parliament Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• G. M. Premachandra, (1994), member of Parliament Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• Gamini Disanayake, (1994), Presidential candidate, UNP, member of Parliament Sri Lanka, by Tamil Tigers
• Thomas Anton, (1995), Deputy Mayor, Batticaloa, by Tamil Tigers
• Arunachalam Thangathurai, (1997), member of Parliament Trincomalee
• Mohammad Maharoof, (1997), Member of Parliament (MP), Trincomalee, by Tamil Tigers
• Sarojini Yogeswaran, (1998), Jaffna Mayor, by Tamil Tigers
• S. Shanmuganadan, (1998), Member of Parliament (MP), by Tamil Tigers
• Ponnuyhurai Sivapalan, (1998), Jaffna Mayor, by Tamil Tigers
• Neelan Thiruchelvam, (1999), Member of Parliament (MP) and TULF leader
• C. V. Gunaratne, (2000), cabinet minister, by Tamil Tigers
• Joseph Pararajasingham, (2005), Tamil Mp in Batticalo, Karuna Group
• Lakshman Kadirgamar, (2005), foreign minister, by Tamil Tigers
• Vanniasingham Vigneswaran, (2006), Tamil rights activist by Karuna Group
• Parami Kulatunga, (2006), army general
• Nadarajah Raviraj (2006), Tamil National Alliance politician

Syria

• Antiochus II Theos, (246 BC), Seleucid king
• Seleucus III Ceraunus, (223 BC), Seleucid king
• Seleucus IV Philopator, (176 BC), Seleucid king
• Alexander Balas, (146 BC), Seleucid king
• Antiochus VI Dionysus, (138 BC), Seleucid heir to the throne
• Numerian, (285), Roman Emperor, by his father-in-law, Arrius Aper, in Emesa (modern-day Homs)
• Zengi, (1146), ruler of Aleppo and Mosul and founder of the Zengid Dynasty
• Abdul Rahman Shahbandar, (1940), Syrian nationalist

Vietnam

• Hans Imfeld, (1947), French colonial agent
• Ngo Dinh Nhu, (1963), politician
• Ngo Dinh Diem, (1963), first president of South Vietnam

Yemen

• Imam Yahya, (1948), King of Yemen
• Ibrahim al-Hamadi, (1977), president of North Yemen
• Ahmad al-Ghashmi, (1978), president of North Yemen killed by bomb along with envoy from South Yemen
• Jarallah Omar, (2002), deputy secretary-general of Yemeni Socialist Party

Assassinations in Australia and Oceania

Australia

• John Paul Newman, (1994), New South Wales state minister and member for Cabramatta
• Ivens Buffett, (2004), Deputy Chief Minister of Norfolk Island

New Caledonia

• Pierre Declercq, (1981), Kanak independence leader
• Éloi Machoro, (1985), Kanak independence leader
• Marcel Nonaro, (1985), Kanak independence leader
• Jean-Marie Tjibaou, (1989), Kanak independence leader
• Yéiwene Yéiwene, (1989), Kanak independence leader

Samoa

• Luagalau Levaula Kamu, (1999), cabinet minister

Palau

• Haruo Remeliik, (1985), president

Assassinations in Europe

Austria

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand, (1914), Assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, who also killed his wife, Sophie
• Karl von Stürgkh, (1916), Minister-President of Austria
• Franz Birnecker, (1923), Austrian labour representative at Semperit
• Engelbert Dollfuss, (1934), chancellor of Austria
• Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou, (1989), dissident Kurdish Iranian political leader, in Vienna

Belgium

• Julien Lahaut, (1950), chairman of the Communist Party of Belgium
• Maximiliano Gómez, (1971), Dominican communist leader
• Gerald Bull, (1990), Canadian developer of the Martlet cannon, in Brussels, Belgium (possibly assassinated by Israeli Mossad agents)
• André Cools, (1991), Belgian politician

Bulgaria

• Stefan Stambolov, (1895), Prime Minister of Bulgaria
• Aleksandar Stamboliyski, (1923), Prime Minister of Bulgaria
• Lambo Kyuchukov, (1995), ex-Minister of education
• Vasil Iliev, (1995), insurance boss, owner of "VIS-2"
• Andrey Lukanov, (1996), former Prime Minister of Bulgaria
• Ivo Karamanski, (1998), insurance tycoon
• Lyubomir Georgiev Penev, (1999), majoritary owner of Nova Televizia TV
• Velichko Todorov, (2000), leader of the People's Party in Pleven
• Georgi Valkov Georgiev, (2001), European champion, karate
• Nikolai Kolev, (2002), Supreme Court of Cassation prosecutor
• Todor Matov, (2003), international wrestling referee
• Iliya Pavlov, (2003), president of Multigroup corporation, the wealthiest man in Bulgaria
• Stoil Slavov, (2004), "Interpetroleum and Partners" associate
• Martin Elandzhiev, (2004), national kick-box champion
• Shinka Manova, (2005), director of Customs Control
• Emil Kyulev, (2005), banker, voted Mr. Economics in Bulgaria for 2002
• Georgi Stoyanov Vasilev, (2005), Sofia city counsellor
• Ivan "Doktora" Todorov, (2006), businessman alleged of smuggling

Cyprus

• Youssef El-Sebai, (1979), Egyptian writer, in Cyprus
• Youcef Essalhi, (2001), 19 years old French fundamentalist shot dead in Cyprus by unknown gunman

Czech Republic

• Václav I (Saint Wenceslas), (935 or 929), Duke of Bohemia
• Václav III, (1306), King of Bohemia
• Albrecht von Wallenstein, (1634), Czech general during the Thirty Years' War
• Alois Rašín, (1923), Minister of Finances of Czechoslovakia
• Reinhard Heydrich, (1942), a General in the Nazi German paramilitary corps and governor of occupied Czech lands
• Jan Masaryk, (1948), a Czech politician. Son of 1st Czechoslovakian president, Tomáš Masaryk. Cause of death remains unclear

Denmark

• Erik V Klipping, (1286), King of Denmark

Finland

• Bishop Henry, (1156), English bishop in Finland (according to a legend)
• Eliel Soisalon-Soininen, (1904), attorney General
• Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov, (1904), Governor-General of Finland
• Heikki Ritavuori, (1922), Minister of the Interior of Finland

France

• Charles d'Espagne, (1354), constable of France
• Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans, (1407)
• John, Duke of Burgundy, (1419)
• Gaspard de Coligny, (1572)
• Henri III, (1589), King of France
• Henri IV, (1610), King of France
• Jacques de Flesselles, (1789), Provost of Paris
• Jean-Paul Marat, (1793), revolutionary
• Marie François Sadi Carnot, (1894), President of France
• Jean Jaurès, (1914), politician, pacifist
• Gaston Calmette, (1914), editor of Le Figaro newspaper
• Marius Plateau, (1923), secretary of Action Française
• Paul Doumer, (1932), President of France
• Louis Barthou, (1934), foreign minister of France killed along with King Alexander I of Yugoslavia at Marseille
• Ernst vom Rath, (1938), German diplomat in France
• Constant Chevillon, (1944), head of FUDOFSI, by Gestapo in Lyon
• Camille Blanc, (1961), mayor of Evian
• Mehdi Ben Barka, (1965), Moroccan socialist leader and Third-World Tricontinental leader, disappeared in Paris
• Outel Bono, (1973), Chadian medical doctor and anti-Tombalbaye activist
• Henri Curiel, (1978), anticolonialist activist
• José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana "Argala", (1978), Basque leader
• Pierre Goldman, (1979), left-wing activist
• Salah al-Din Bitar, (1980), Syrian Baath politician
• Jean-Pierre Maïone-Libaude, (1982), right-wing activist and criminal
• Pierre-Jean Massimi, (1983), secretary of the département Haute-Corse
• René Audran, (1985), General
• Georges Besse, (1986), Renault executive
• André Mécili ("Ali Mécili"), (1987), Algerian opposition leader, in France
• Dulcie September, (1988), African National Congress representative, in Paris
• Shapour Bakhtiar, (1991), Prime Minister of Iran briefly in 1979, stabbed to death at his home in France
• Abdelbaki Sahraoui, (1995), co-founder of the Algerian Islamic Salvation Front, in Paris
• Claude Erignac, (1998), prefect of Corsica
• Robert Feliciaggi, (2006), Corsican MP, in Ajaccio

Germany

• Alexander Severus, (235), Roman emperor, near Moguntiacum (present-day Mainz) by his troops
• Postumus, (268), Gallic emperor, in Mainz
• Laelianus, (268), Gallic emperor, in Mainz
• Philipp von Hohenstaufen, (1208), Emperor, in Bamberg
• Engelbert I. von Köln, (1225), Archbishop of Cologne
• Konrad von Marburg, (1233), inquisitor
• Johann Windlock, (1356), Bishop of Constance
• Kaspar Hauser, (1833), purported son of Karl, Grand Duke of Baden
• Talat Pasha, (1921), former Ottoman Minister of Interior Affairs, in Berlin by Armenian Soghomon Tehlirian
• Matthias Erzberger, (1921), politician
• Walther Rathenau, (1922), industrialist and politician
• Dr Erich Klausener, (1934), Minister of Police
• Gustav von Kahr, (1934), politician
• General Kurt von Schleicher, (1934), advisor to Reich President Paul von Hindenburg
• Salah Ben Youssef, (1961), Tunisian politician, in Frankfurt
• Belkacem Krim, (1970), Algerian politician
• Günter von Drenkmann, (1974), Berlin chief justice
• Siegfried Buback, (1977), German attorney general
• Jürgen Ponto, (1977), CEO Dresdner Bank
• Hanns-Martin Schleyer, (1977), president of the German employers' organization
• Heinz-Herbert Karry, (1981), Minister of Economy in Hesse
• Ernst Zimmermann, (1985), industrialist
• Karl Heinz Beckurts, (1986), Siemens executive
• Gerold von Braunmühl, (1986), official in the German Foreign Ministry
• Alfred Herrhausen, (1989), Deutsche Bank CEO
• Detlev Karsten Rohwedder, (1991), director of Treuhandanstalt for former East Germany
• Sadegh Sharafkandi, Fattah Abdoli, Homayoun Ardalan, Nouri Dehkordi, (1992), dissident Kurdish Iranian political leaders, in Berlin (Mykonos restaurant assassinations)

Greece

• Hipparchus, (514 BC), tyrant of Athens
• Ephialtes, (461 BC), leader of the radical democracy movement in Athens
• Alcibiades, (404 BC), Athenian general and politician
• Philip II of Macedon, (336 BC), king of Macedon, by Pausanias of Orestis in Pella
• Seleucus I Nicator, (281 BC), founder of the Seleucid dynasty, near Lysimachia
• Cleon of Sicyon, (272 BC), tyrant of Sicyon
• Tidas, (252 BC), tyrant of Sicyon
• Ioannis Capodistrias, (1831), first President of Greece
• George I of Greece, (1913), king
• George Tsantes, (1983), U.S. military attaché in Athens
• Nikos Momferratos, (1985), Greek newspaper publisher
• William Nordeen, (1988), Tsantes successor as U.S. military attaché in Athens
• Pavlos Bakoyannis, (1989), New Democracy politician
• Costis Peratikos, (1997), Greek shipowner
• Stephen Saunders, (2000), Brigadier and British military attaché in Athens

Hungary

• István Tisza, (1918), former premier of Hungary

Ireland

• Lord Frederick Cavendish, (1882), Chief Secretary for Ireland
• Thomas Henry Burke, (1882), Permanent Under Secretary for Ireland
• Michael Collins, (1922), President of the Provisional Government and "IRA" guerrilla leader during the Irish War of Independence, murdered by Anti-Treaty rebels
• Kevin O'Higgins, (1927), Irish politician
• Christopher Ewart-Biggs, (1976), British ambassador to Ireland
• Rev. Robert Bradford, (1981), Unionist MP in Northern Ireland
• Veronica Guerin, (1996), Irish journalist

Italy (and former Roman Empire)

• Caracalla, (217), Roman Emperor, between Edessa and Carrhae (modern-day Sanli Urfa and Harran) by Martialis, possibly under orders of Macrinus
• Aurelian, (275), Roman Emperor, near Caenophrurium (modern-day Corlu)
• Florianus, (276), Roman Emperor, near Tarsus
• Titus Tatius, (748 BC), Sabine king, in Rome
• Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, (579 BC), Etruscan king of Rome, in Rome by the sons of Ancus Marcius
• Servius Tullius, (534 BC), Etruscan king of Rome, in Rome by Tarquin II
• Tiberius Gracchus, (133 BC), Roman tribune, in Rome by Roman senators
• Julius Caesar, (44 BC), Roman general and dictator, in Rome by members of the Roman Senate
• Cicero, (43 BC), Roman orator, outside of Rome under orders from Mark Anthony
• Caligula, (41), Roman Emperor, in Rome by Cassius Chaerea through a conspiracy with the Praetorian guard and the Senate
• Claudius, (54), Roman Emperor, poisoned in Rome by his wife, Agrippina
• Vitellius, (69), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Flavian army
• Galba, (69), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard under orders from Otho
• Domitian, (96), Roman Emperor, in Rome by Stephanus, steward to Julia Flavia
• Commodus, (192), Roman Emperor, killed in Rome by Narcissus the wrestler
• Pertinax, (193), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard
• Didius Julianus, (193), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard
• Publius Septimius Geta, (212), Roman Emperor, in Rome by centurions under orders of Caracalla
• Elagabalus, (222), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard under orders of Julia Maesa and Julia Mamaea
• Maximinus Thrax, (238), Roman Emperor, outside Aquileia by his troops
• Pupienus, (238), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard
• Balbinus, (238), Roman Emperor, in Rome by the Praetorian Guard
• Volusianus, (253), Roman Emperor, near Interamna by his troops
• Trebonianus Gallus, (253), Roman Emperor, near Interamna by his troops
• Giuliano de' Medici, (1478), co-ruler of Florence
• Martin Bovelino (Martino Bovollino), (1531), envoy of the Grisons
• Pellegrino Rossi, (1848), Papal States Minister of Justice
• Umberto I of Italy, (1900), king
• Said Halim Pasha, (1921), former Ottoman Prime
• Giacomo Matteotti, (1924), Italian socialist politician
• Luigj Gurakuqi, (1925), Albanian independence leader, in Bari
• Benito Mussolini, (1945), fascist Prime Minister of Italy
• Enrico Mattei, (1962), Italian public head officer, head of Agip oil company, supported Algerian independence
• Pier Paolo Pasolini, (1975), Italian writer, poet and film director
• Aldo Moro, (