List of capitals outside of the territories they serve

Current

• Brussels - capital of the Flemish Region, Belgium, itself lies within the Brussels-Capital Region
• Bucharest - location of many of the institutions of the Ilfov County, Romania, itself a municipality with special status
• Chandigarh - shared capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana, India, itself a union territory
• Kingston upon Thames - administration headquarters of Surrey, England, United Kingdom, itself within Greater London
• Moscow - capital of the Moscow Oblast, Russia, itself a federal city
• Prague - capital of Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic, itself an administrative unit on its own
• Saint Petersburg - capital of the Leningrad Oblast, Russia, itself a federal city

• Because of Virginia's peculiar independent city laws, where a city is not part of its surrounding county, many county courthouses and county government offices are technically located outside of the county. These include Bedford County, Albemarle County, Alleghany County, Greensville County, Rockingham County, Rockbridge County, Prince William County, Augusta County, and Frederick County. The government offices for Fairfax County, Roanoke County, James City County, and Henrico County are located within the borders of the county while the historic courthouses are located in independent cities of Fairfax, Salem, Williamsburg, and Richmond, respectively.

Historical

• Canton - capital of the province of Kwangtung, Republic of China, itself a centrally-administered city
• Mafeking (now Mafikeng) - where the former British protectorate of Bechuanaland, today Botswana, was administered from.
• Mukden - capital of the province of Fengtien, Republic of China, itself a centrally-administered city
• Sian - capital of the province of Shensi, Republic of China, itself a centrally-administered city
• Vienna - capital of surrounding Lower Austria, itself a federal state of Austria (until 1986, when it was replaced by Sankt Pölten)

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