Manuel II of Portugal
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Manuel II, King of Portugal KG GCVO (pron. IPA [mɐnu'ɛɫ]; English: Emanuel II), the Patriot (Port. o Patriota) or the Missed King (Port. o Rei Saudade), named Manuel Maria Filipe Carlos Amélio Luís Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Eugénio — (Lisbon, March 19, 1889 – Twickenham, July 2, 1932) reigned as Portugal and Algarves' 34th (or 35th according to some historians) and the last King from 1908 to 1910.
Life
Young Manuel was born in the last year of his grandfather's reign. He was created Duke of Beja.
He ascended the throne in 1908, following the assassination of his father, King Carlos and elder brother, Prince Luis Filipe, Duke of Braganza at the hands of radical republicans.
The young King sought to save the fragile position of the Braganza monarchy by dismissing the dictator João Franco and his entire cabinet in 1908. Free elections were declared in which republicans and socialists won an overwhelming victory. Revolution erupted on October 4, 1910 and Manuel fled to British ruled Gibraltar with the royal family as his palace was being shelled.
He lived in exile in the United Kingdom. On September 4, 1913 he married Princess Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1890–1966). Manuel wrote an invaluable guide to medieval and Renaissance Portuguese literature, but died young. Royalist movements in Portugal subsequent to 1910 failed to restore the Braganza dynasty.
Manuel was also the technical 7th Prince of Kohary, of Čabrad and Sitno, both in the today Slovakia. They were taken care by his cousin, who held the Kohary family's seats in Hungarian and Austrian institutions of nobility. During Manuel's life, the family's ancestral possessions Čabrad and Sitno became subjugated to Czechoslovakia when Hungary's borders were drwan after World War I.
Manuel died on July 2, 1932 at Fulwell Park, Twickenham, Middlesex, England. Upon his death, his relative, Peter of Saxe-Coburg-Kohary, the caretaker of the "principality" of Čabrad and Sitno, succeeded as 8th Prince of Kohary, thus joining the full rights to the title with the already held possessions.
As the King had no children, before his death he recognised his cousin from a previously rival branch, Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza, to be the legitimate heir to the Portuguese Crown. Additionally, the king's mother god-fathered the son of the Duke, while he himself married a cousin from the Brazilian branch. Some minority sources claim the form of this recognition to be not adequate, supporting individuals such as the self-named Maria Pia of Saxe Coburg Braganza, who claimed to be King Manuel's illegitimate half-sister.
Ancestors
| Manuel II of Portugal | Father: Charles I of Portugal | Father's father: Louis I of Portugal | Father's father's father: Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (II of Portugal) |
| Father's father's mother: Maria II of Portugal | |||
| Father's mother: Maria Pia of Savoy | Father's mother's father: Victor Emmanuel II of Italy | ||
| Father's mother's mother: Adelheid of Austria | |||
| Mother: Amélie of Orléans | Mother's father: Philippe, Comte de Paris | Mother's father's father: Prince Ferdinand-Philippe d'Orléans | |
| Mother's father's mother: Helène Louise Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | |||
| Mother's mother: Marie Isabelle, comtess de Paris | Mother's mother's father: Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier | ||
| Mother's mother's mother: Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier |
| House of Braganza-Wettin Cadet Branch of the Houses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Braganza | ||
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| Regnal Titles | ||
| Preceded by: Charles I | Kings of Portugal 1908–1910 | Republic established under President Teófilo Braga |
| Titles in pretence | ||
| Republic established | * NOT REIGNING * King of Portugal (1910–1932) * Reason for Succession Failure: * First Republic Estado Novo | Succeeded by: Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza |
Categories
Portuguese monarchs | Knights of the Garter | House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Kohary | Knights of the Golden Fleece | Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order | Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav | 1889 births | 1932 deaths