Mesa
- For other uses, see Mesa (disambiguation).
A mesa (Spanish for "table") is an elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs. It takes its name from its characteristic table-top shape.
It is a characteristic landform of arid environments, particularly the south-western United States and is generally formed when land has been uplifted by tectonic activity and then exposed to erosion. Mesas are capped with hard rock (called "caprock") that is often basalt and have horizontal strata. In the process of erosion the hard rock acts as a flat protective cap preserving the regions between stream valleys or other places where erosion is especially active, in the form of, table-mountains or fortress-hills. Many examples are found in Spain, North and South Africa, the Badlands and Colorado regions of North America, in Arabia, India and Australia. The largest mesa in the world is considered to be the Grand Mesa in western Colorado in the United States. Urraca Mesa in northern New Mexico is particularly famous for being "haunted" in local tradition.
A mesa, which means "large, flat topped landform, edged by cliffs", is similar to, but smaller than a plateau, and similar to, but larger than a butte.
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Landforms