Peter II of Portugal
Peter II, King of Portugal (Portuguese Pedro, pron. IPA ['pedɾu]), the Pacific (Port. o Pacífico) – (April 26, 1648 – December 9, 1706), Regent (1668–1683) and 23rd (or 24th according to some historians) King of Portugal and Algarves (1683–1706).
The second son of João IV and being created Duke of Beja, he was appointed regent for his insane brother, Afonso VI, in 1668, shortly after Spanish recognition of Portugal's independence. Peter first locked his brother away, but came to the throne in his own right after Afonso's death in 1683. Around this time, the discovery of silver mines in Brazil enlarged Peter's treasury to the extent that he was able to dismiss the Cortes in 1697 and rule without its revenue grants for the rest of his reign.
Initially Peter supported France in the War of Spanish Succession (1702 - 1715), but on May 16, 1703, Portugal and Britain signed the famous Methuen Treaty. This trade accord granted mutual commercial privileges for Portuguese wine and English textile traders and would later give Britain huge clout in the Portuguese economy. This was followed in December 1703 by a military alliance between Portugal, Austria and Great Britain for an invasion of Spain. Portuguese and Allied forces, under the command of the Marquês das Minas, captured Madrid in 1706, during the campaign which ended in the Allied defeat at Almansa.
Peter not only inheritied his brother's throne but also married his wife, Queen Marie-Françoise of Savoy (1646 +1683). They had one daughter, Princess Isabella Louise (1669-90), princess of Beira and heiress-presumptive, a.k.a "a Sempre-Noiva" (the one always engaged), because of the many marriage projects intended for her that were never completed. The Queen, apparently incapable of birthing more offspring, died as late as in 1683, 14 years after Isabella's birth, and because the Princess was a fragile and sick child, the King decided to marry again.
The chosen bride was Maria Sophia (1666-1699), daughter of Phillip William of Neuburg. Among Sophia's sisters were Eleonor Madeleine, wife of Leopold I of Austria and Maria Anna, second wife of Charles II of Spain.
This marriage was concluded, and the couple had six children, including the new viable heir to the throne, the younger John, who eventually succeeded his father, after his death in 1706, as King John V of Portugal.
Ancestors
| Peter II of Portugal | Father: John IV of Portugal | Father's father: Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza | Father's father's father: John I, Duke of Braganza |
| Father's father's mother: Infanta Catarina, Duchess of Braganza | |||
| Father's mother: Ana de Velasco y Girón | Father's mother's father: Juan Fernández de Velasco, Duke of Frias | ||
| Father's mother's mother: Ana Ángela de Aragón y Guzmán | |||
| Mother: Luisa of Medina-Sidonia (Luísa de Guzmán) | Mother's father: Juan Manuel de Guzmán El Bueno, Duke of Medina-Sidonia | Mother's father's father: Alonso de Guzmán El Bueno, Duke of Medina-Sidonia | |
| Mother's father's mother: Ana de Sylva y Mendoza | |||
| Mother's mother: Juana Lourença Gómez de Sandoval y la Cerda | Mother's mother's father: Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma | ||
| Mother's mother's mother: Catarina de Lacerda |
Marriages and descendants
Peter married first to his sister-in-law Marie-Françoise of Savoy in 1666 who gave him a daughter. He married again in 1687, this time to Maria Sophia of Neuburg and she gave him several children. Outside his marriages Peter had 3 illegitimate children.
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| By Marie-Françoise of Savoy (1646-1683; married in April 2, 1668) | |||
| Princess Isabel Luísa | January 6 1668 | October 21 1690 | 2nd Princess of Beira |
| By Maria Sophia of Neuburg (August 6 1666-August 4 1699; married in 1687) | |||
| Prince John | August 30 1688 | September 17 1688 | Prince of Brazil and 12th Duke of Braganza. |
| John V | October 22 1689 | July 31 1750 | Prince of Brazil from 1697. Succeeded him as 24th (or 25th according to some historians) King of Portugal. |
| Infante Francisco | May 25 1691 | July 21 1742 | Duke of Beja. |
| Infante António | March 15 1695 | October 20 1757 | |
| Infanta Teresa | February 24 1696 | February 16 1704 | |
| Infante Manuel | August 3 1697 | August 3 1736 | |
| Infanta Francisca Josefa | January 30 1699 | July 15 1736 | |
| By Maria da Cruz Mascarenhas (c. 1655-?) | |||
| Luísa de Portugal | January 9 1679 | December 23 1732 | Natural daughter. Duchess of Cadaval through marriage first to Luís Ambrósio de Melo, 2nd Duke of Cadaval and then to Jaime Álvares Pereira de Melo, 3rd Duke of Cadaval. |
| By Ana Armanda du Verger (c. 1660-?) | |||
| Miguel de Bragança | October 15 1699 | January 13 1724 | Natural son. |
| By Francisca Clara da Silva (c. 1650-?) | |||
| José de Portugal | May 6 1703 | June 3 1756 | Natural son. Archbishop of Braga. |
| House of Braganza Cadet Branch of the Houses of Capet, Burgundy and Aviz | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by: Afonso VI | Kings of Portugal 1683–1706 | Succeeded by: John V |
Categories
1648 births | 1706 deaths | Portuguese monarchs | Regents